standard

Definitions

General English

  • adjective

    usual

    , not

    special

  • adjective on a

    tall

    pole
  • noun an excellent quality

    which

    is set as a target
  • noun a large

    official

    flag

Agriculture

  • noun something which has been agreed on and is used to measure other things by
  • noun a plant grown on a single long stem that is kept from forming branches except at the top
  • noun a type of fruit tree or rose tree where the stem is about two metres high, on top of which the head is developed
  • noun a large tree in a

    woodland

Aviation

  • noun something, e.g. a quality or measure, that is officially recognised as an example that others must conform with

Computing

  • noun the normal quality or normal conditions which are used to judge other things

Construction

  • A grade of

    lumber

    suitable for general construction and characterized by generally good

    strength

    and serviceability. In

    light framing

    rules, the standard grade applies to lumber that is 2" to 4" thick and 2" to 4" wide. It falls between the construction and utility grades.
  • A grade of Idaho

    white pine

    boards equivalent to #3 common in other

    species

    .
  • In the British timber trade, a quantity of

    lumber

    that equals 1,980 board feet.
  • General recognition and conformity to established practice.

Economics

  • Rule and/or procedure specifying characteristics that must be met for a

    product

    to be sold in a country's

    domestic market

    , typically to protect health and safety. When a standard puts foreign producers at a disadvantage, it may constitute an

    NTB

    .

Electronics

  • An established reference against which comparisons or verifications may be made. A

    de facto standard

    is adopted through continued use and acceptance, while a

    de jure standard

    is issued or endorsed by a

    entity

    which establishes standards.
  • A

    component

    , circuit, device, instrument, piece of

    equipment

    , or system, whose parameters or specifications are known precisely, and which serves as a basis for

    verification

    ,

    comparison

    , or the like. For instance, a

    standard capacitance

    , or a

    standard resistance

    .
  • A

    component

    , circuit, device, instrument, piece of

    equipment

    , or system whose output, such as a frequency,

    voltage

    ,

    amplitude

    , level, or the like, is precisely known, and which serves as a basis for comparisons or verifications. For example, an

    atomic frequency standard

    .
  • A specification, such as that for software, hardware, a format, or protocol, which is widely accepted, or assigned to serve as a model or basis. For instance, the

    OSI Reference Model

    .
  • A transmission and reception system which is established for a given

    communications

    or broadcast format. Examples include the high-

    definition

    ,

    NTSC

    , and

    PAL

    TV

    standards.
  • abbreviationstd

Information & Library Science

  • noun a level by which people or the quality of work can be judged

Medical

  • noun a level of quality achieved by someone or something

Military

  • adjective officially recognized as the

    correct

    way to do something
  • noun a measure of quality, by which all similar things are judged
  • noun a

    regimental

    flag (especially in

    cavalry

    regiments)

Origin & History of “standard”

Standard ‘flag, banner’ (12th c.) denotes etymologically something

that

is ‘extended’ or unfurled. The word comes

from

Anglo-

Norman

estaundart ‘flag displayed on a battlefield so that troops can rally to it’.

this

was a derivative of Old French estendre ‘extend’ (

first

cousin

of

English

extend). The sense ‘criterion, norm’,

which

emerged in the 15th century, is probably a metaphorical application of the notion of the ‘royal standard’ or

banner

as being the point from which authoritative commands (as of standards of weight and measurement) are issued. Standard ‘upright object,

such

as a tree’ (13th c.) is probably an alteration of stander.
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